李德洪;

• 1:北京空间飞行器总体设计部
• 2:北京市电磁兼容与天线测试工程技术研究中心

摘要(Abstract)：

载人航天工程推动了载人航天器天线的技术发展，从HF、VHF、L、S、C、Ka频段天线到激光雷达等均成功应用到了载人航天器工程，满足了载人航天器地基通信、天基通信等需求。基本建成了针对载人飞船、空间实验室、货运飞船、空间站等天线的技术开发体系。文章论述了我国在载人航天工程中开发的各类天线及其应用情况。展望后续载人登月任务，建议进一步开发可重复使用耐烧蚀天线技术，大力发展星间组网通信天线技术，全力提升载人航天器天线研制和应用能力。

关键词(KeyWords)： 航天器天线;载人航天;神舟飞船;货运飞船;空间站

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Authors): 李德洪;

参考文献(References)：

• [1] 戚发轫，郑松辉，张柏楠，等.“神舟”五号载人飞船研制与飞行结果评价[J].载人航天，2004(5):33-38 Qi Faren,Zheng Songhui,Zhang Bainan,et al.Development and flight results evaluation of Shenzhou-5 manned spacecraft[J].Manned Spaceflight,2004(5):33-38 (in Chinese)
• [2] 尤睿，高文军，吴春邦，等.航天器天线工程设计技术[M].北京：北京理工大学出版社，2018:378-390 You Rui,Gao Wenjun,Wu Chunbang,et al.Technologies for spacecraft antenna engineering design[M].Beijing Institute of Technology Press,2018:378-390 (in Chinese)
• [3] 李德洪，高晓艳.神舟飞船返回舱天线外场试验[J].航天器工程，2006,15(3):46-50 Li Dehong,Gao Xiaoyan.Far field experiment on the antenna of return capsule for Shenzhou spacecraft[J].Spacecraft Engineering,2006,15(3):46-50 (in Chinese)
• [4] 何宇，杨宏，白明生.空间实验室技术综述及发展战略[J].载人航天，2009(3):10-18 He Yu,Yang Hong,Bai Mingsheng.Spacelab technology summary and development stratagem[J].Manned Spaceflight,2009(3):10-18 (in Chinese)
• [5] 白明生，金勇，雷剑宇，等.天舟一号货运飞船研制[J].载人航天，2019,25(2):249-255 Bai Mingsheng,Jin Yong,Lei Jianyu,et al.Research and development of Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft[J].Manned Spaceflight,2019,25(2):249-255 (in Chinese)
• [6] 张柏楠.中国载人航天开启新征程[J].中国航天，2021(8):8-13 Zhang Bainan.New journey of China’s manned spaceflight[J].Aerospace China,2021(8):8-13 (in Chinese)
• [7] 尚志，张柏楠，潘腾，等.神舟七号出舱活动飞船研制综述[J].载人航天，2009(2):16-21 Shang Zhi,Zhang Bainan,Pan Teng,et al.Research and development of Shen Zhou-7[J].Manned Spaceflight,2009(2):16-21 (in Chinese)
• [8] 李德洪，雷冀，尤睿，等.高可靠短波伸展天线的研制[J].航天器工程，2002,11(4):43-46 Li Dehong,Lei Ji,You Rui,et al.Development of high reliability HF extension antenna[J].Spacecraft Engineering,2002,11(4):43-46 (in Chinese)
• [9] 龙吟，崔久鹏，刘超，等.出舱通信系统的返向信号功率自动控制方法[J].航天器工程，2017,26(4):80-84 Long Yin,Cui Jiupeng,Liu Chao,et al.Automatic power control method of reversed signal for communications system of astronaut EVA[J].Spacecraft Engineering,2017,26(4):80-84 (in Chinese)
• [10] 秦文波.神舟六号载人飞船及其技术改进[J].上海航天，2005 (5):1-5 Qin Wenbo.Shenzhou-6 manned spaceship and its technology improvement[J].Aerospace Shanghai,2005 (5):1-5 (in Chinese)
• [11] 解永春，张昊，胡海霞.自主交会对接控制方案设计及验证[J].中国航天，2021(8):14-21 Xie Yongchun,Zhang Hao,Hu Haixia.Design and verification of autonomous rendezvous and docking control scheme[J].Aerospace China,2021(8):14-21 (in Chinese)
• [12] 周建平.天宫一号/神舟八号交会对接任务总体评述[J].载人航天，2012,18(1):1-5 Zhou Jianping.A review of Tiangong-1/Shenzhou-8 rendezvous and docking mission[J].Manned Spaceflight,2012,18(1):1-5 (in Chinese)
• [13] 许斌，陈晓光.“太空握手”:测控通信天地“大挪移”——天宫一号利用中继卫星完成通信与交会对接侧记[J].中国航天，2011(11):18-19 Xu Bin,Chen Xiaoguang.Space handshake:The world of TT&C moves greatly—— a sidelights of Tiangong-1 completed communication and rendezvous docking based on relay satellite[J].Aerospace China,2011(11):18-19 (in Chinese)
• [14] 柳海涛，张伟.基于中继卫星的载人航天天基测控体系研究[J].中国新通信，2016(5):16-18 Liu Haitao,Zhang Wei.Research on space-based TT&C system of manned spaceflight based on relay satellite[J].China New Telecommunications,2016(5):16-18 (in Chinese)
• [15] 张舒琪，杨宏，易予生.先进信息技术在载人航天器中的应用探讨[J].航天器工程，2021,30(2):72-79 Zhang Shuqi,Yang Hong,Yi Yusheng.Application discussion of advanced information technology in manned spacecraft[J].Spacecraft Engineering,2021,30(2):72-79 (in Chinese)
• [16] 陈刚，杨昌昊，孙大媛，等.月地高速再入耐烧蚀天线设计与验证[J].中国科学：技术科学，2015,45(5):268-275 Chen Gang,Yang Changhao,Sun Dayuan,et al.The ablation antenna design and verification of circumlunar free return and reentry flight vehicle[J].Scientia Sinica Technologica,2015,45(5):268-275 (in Chinese)
• [17] 杨雷，张柏楠，郭斌，等.新一代多用途载人飞船概念研究[J].航空学报，2015,36(3):703-713 Yang Lei,Zhang Bainan,Guo Bin,et al.Concept definition of new-generation multi-purpose manned spacecraft[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2015,36(3):703-713 (in Chinese)